zugzwang - перевод на русский
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zugzwang - перевод на русский

SITUATION IN CHESS AND OTHER GAMES THAT FORBID PASSING, WHEREIN ONE PLAYER IS PUT AT A DISADVANTAGE BY THE OBLIGATION TO MAKE A MOVE
Mined squares; Squeeze (chess); Mined square; Reciprocal zugzwang; Mutual zugzwang; Zugszwang; Zug Zwang; Zugswang; Zugzwang Lite

zugzwang         

[tsu:k'tsfɑ:ŋ]

существительное

шахматы

цугцванг

Определение

zugzwang
['z?gzwa?, 'zu:g-]
¦ noun Chess a situation in which the obligation to make a move is a serious disadvantage.
Origin
early 20th cent.: Ger. Zugzwang, from Zug 'move' + Zwang 'compulsion'.

Википедия

Zugzwang

Zugzwang (German for "compulsion to move", pronounced [ˈtsuːktsvaŋ]) is a situation found in chess and other turn-based games wherein one player is put at a disadvantage because of their obligation to make a move; a player is said to be "in zugzwang" when any legal move will worsen their position.

Although the term is used less precisely in games such as chess, it is used specifically in combinatorial game theory to denote a move that directly changes the outcome of the game from a win to a loss. Putting the opponent in zugzwang is a common way to help the superior side win a game, and in some cases it is necessary in order to make the win possible.

The term zugzwang was used in German chess literature in 1858 or earlier, and the first known use of the term in English was by World Champion Emanuel Lasker in 1905. The concept of zugzwang was known to chess players many centuries before the term was coined, appearing in an endgame study published in 1604 by Alessandro Salvio, one of the first writers on the game, and in shatranj studies dating back to the early 9th century, over 1000 years before the first known use of the term. International chess notation uses the symbol "" to indicate a zugzwang position.

Positions with zugzwang occur fairly often in chess endgames, especially in king and pawn endgames. According to John Nunn, positions of reciprocal zugzwang are surprisingly important in the analysis of endgames.

Примеры употребления для zugzwang
1. A tense political thriller set in St Petersburg in 1'14, Zugzwang will unfold over 2' weeks.
2. In chess, this is called a classic zugzwang – having to choose between two bad options.
3. The events in Karelia have placed the authorities in what is referred to in chess as a zugzwang, where every available move will leave the player in a weaker position.
4. Then perhaps we can compare their accounts of their treatment with what Moazzam Begg and the Tipton Three have to say about Guantánamo, what Prisoner B has to say about Belmarsh, and what the men arrested with Baha Mousa can tell us of his screams on the night he died. · Ronan Bennett‘s latest novel, Zugzwang, is published by Bloomsbury in July
5. It‘s a prospect that both intrigues and daunts Bennett, who describes himself as a slow writer – each of his previous novels has taken five years to complete – and who admits that he is ‘in the dark‘ as to exactly how the novel will progress. ‘One of the big thrills as a writer is the way people respond to your work,‘ he says. ‘What‘s exciting about a deadline is what will emerge in the writing.‘ Zugzwang, a chess term used to describe a helpless position in which a player can only make his situation worse by moving, begins in dramatic fashion with the murder of a newspaper editor.
Как переводится zugzwang на Русский язык